A review on the latest clinical and laboratory criteria for clinical diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with various organs involvement which early diagnosis of disease is critical for successful treatment. The subjects with the possibility of SLE who visit by physician, their full medical history and specific immunological tests should investigate precisely in order to subsequently asses their hematological and renal parameters to classify as SLE patients. SLE diagnosis should be done based on the presence of anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) or low levels of complement components. Importantly, high levels of anti-ds DNA and low levels of C3 and C4 complement components are simultaneously indicating a recent recurrence of SLE. In order to improve reliability and precision in SLE diagnosis, new SLE classification criteria were developed by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). The latest update of ACR criteria are currently published in 2019, would be referenced to classify and diagnose SLE disease.